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Civil Engineering
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Apr 3, 2024
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CIE327ha5.doc
S
TATE U
NIVERSITY OF N
EW Y
ORK AT B
UFFALO
Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering Spring Semester 2023 Professor Kamran M. Nemati CIE 327 –
Civil Engineering Materials Answers to Problem Set 5 Question 1: How many gallons are in a barrel of crude oil? Typically, how much bitumen is produced from a barrel of crude oil? One barrel of crude oil equals 42 gallons. Typically, 1.3 gallons (3%) of bitumen is produced from a barrel of crude oil. Question 2:
What are the sources of asphalt? Give examples of each. Natural sources, i.e., Trinidad Lake asphalt. Manufactured, i.e., production of asphalt in refineries from crude oil/petroleum. Crude oil surpassed natural sources in 1907. Question 3:
Describe asphalt cements (also known as paving asphalt). What are they typically used for? Asphalt cement is a type of asphalt that is very sticky and highly viscous, specially prepared with the quality and consistency required in the manufacture of asphalt pavements (hot-mix pavements). They are typically used for: ▪
road construction ▪
roofing applications ▪
roofing shingles ▪
water proofing applications ▪
coatings
CIE 327 –
Civil Engineering Materials Answers to Problem Set 5 Page 2 CIE327ha5.doc
Question 4:
Spell out HMA and BST. What are the other names for BST? HMA: Hot Mix Asphalt BST: Bituminous Surface Treatment BST is also called seal coat or chip seal. Question 5:
Before PG (Performance Graded) grades, what were the asphalt binder specifications typically based on? ▪
Measurements of viscosity ▪
Penetration ▪
Ductility, and ▪
Softening point temperature Question 6:
An asphalt has a performance grading of PG 58-28. Explain what each component means. PG: Performance Grading 58: Expected average 7-day maximum pavement temperature is 58°C -28: Expected minimum pavement temperature is -28°C. Question 7:
Explain different types of aggregate grading used in HMA. Dense graded: Most common Gap graded: Used for stone matrix asphalt (SMA) Open graded: Used as a surface course in many areas Uniformly graded: Not used as a construction material
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