BIOS242_Pick_Your_Pathogen
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School
Chamberlain College of Nursing *
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Course
242
Subject
Biology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
5
Uploaded by LieutenantJackalPerson550 on coursehero.com
Title
Title
Name
CHAMBERLAIN UNIVERSITY
Date
Title
Abstract
This paper will discuss the pathogen associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) and use ideologies learned in class to describe this pathogen. HIV is a virus that has the
skill to avoid the immune system, invade host cells, and cause a wide range of diseases.
Numerous facts of HIV will be discussed in great detail throughout this essay.
Article Summary
The article “Four Decades of HIV/AIDS- Much Accomplished, Much To Do” goes into great
detail and specifics on HIV/AIDS. This article is great because it provides a timeline of what
information has been founded throughout the past 40 years regarding HIV. It gives incite on
different tests and practices that were developed throughout the years. It also touches bases on
even though antiretrovirals drugs were created, an effective vaccine still needs to be created to
end the HIV epidemic.
Pathogen Information
Classification of microorganism-
HIV is a known virus. It is a microorganism that can
solely reproduce in hosts in their cells. HIV is part of the family Retroviridae. According to Yuko
(2021), “HIV is further classified as a lentivirus, a type of retrovirus that binds to a specific
protein called CD4. Retroviridae viruses can infect mammals (including humans) and birds and
are known for causing immunodeficiency disorders as well as tumors” (p. 1). The importance of
these facts gives individuals an understanding of the characteristics of the virus and who the
virus can affect.
Cellular/ structural (in case of viruses) characteristics.
Measuring in at only about 100
nanometers in diameter, HIV is a relatively small virus. HIV has a genome that is surrounded by
its lipid envelope. The lipid envelope is made up of two single-stranded RNA. The virulence
Title
factors include the skill to avoid the immune system and to destroy specific immune cells (CD4+
T cells). HIV is also not gram-stainable. This information helps individuals to understand how
HIV infects and destroys host cells.
Susceptibility to antibiotics/ antiviral or antifungals
. According to Vaillant and Gulick
(2022), “Antiretrovirals are drugs used to treat HIV infections/AIDS, and they are used in
various combinations, commonly referred to as highly active retroviral therapy” (p. 3). These
drugs work by interfering with the virus replication, which help hold up the development of the
virus. HIV has a very high mutation level, so over time it can develop a resistance to antiviral
drugs.
Growth conditions.
In host cells are where HIV mostly reproduce. HIV need certain
environments to reproduce like a pH between 7.0 and 8.0 and a colder temperature. HIV has a
lytic cycle life. This information is great to know because it aids individuals in understanding
how and what conditions HIV grows and spreads throughout the human body.
Evasion of immune system.
HIV evades the immune system in multiple different
techniques. HIV can alter their surface proteins, that makes these proteins difficult for the
immune system to identify the disease. They can also hide in the cells of their host; there they
will not be seen by the immune system. HIV destroying specific immune cells helps escape an
immune reaction as well. This information is crucial to know because it assists individuals in
understanding how HIV is capable of living in the body and cause havoc despite the immune
system being present.
Disease(s) caused, symptoms, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions.
After some
time HIV could develop into full blown Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS
is the increasing decay in the number white blood cells that help defend the body against
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Related Questions
Read the following sections. Once you have completed the reading answer the questions below.
Holt McDougal Blology Chapter 18 Section 1 pages 510-511
1. Explain the difference between a bacteria cell and a virus.
the main difference is that bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside the body. viruses are a non-living collection
2. Why are viruses, viroids, and prions not included in the Linnacan systcm of classification?
since they do not have a cell structure and are not true living beings.
3. What do all pathogens have in common?
they are all microorganisms that cause infections and disease.
Holt McDougal Biology Chapter 18 Section 2 pages 513-517
4. Define bacteriophage.
a virus that parasitizes a bacterium by infecting it and reproducing inside it.
5. Describe how the structure of bacteriophages make them well-suited for their functions.
the tail and its spikes help match attach the virus to host the cell. the tail releases an enzyme that breaks down the cell…
arrow_forward
The society for AIDS in Africa (SAA) will be hosting a Virtual Seminar and have invited
you as a guest speaker. The theme of the seminar is "AIDS Free Africa". You are
requested to submit an abstract of 350 words for your presentation.
arrow_forward
Do you think South Hills Middle School would hire Hernani for a coaching job if they knew he was HIV positive? Why or why not? Would the possibility of a sports injury, and the bloodbourne transmission of HIV, affect their decision?
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- Read the following sections. Once you have completed the reading answer the questions below. Holt McDougal Blology Chapter 18 Section 1 pages 510-511 1. Explain the difference between a bacteria cell and a virus. the main difference is that bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside the body. viruses are a non-living collection 2. Why are viruses, viroids, and prions not included in the Linnacan systcm of classification? since they do not have a cell structure and are not true living beings. 3. What do all pathogens have in common? they are all microorganisms that cause infections and disease. Holt McDougal Biology Chapter 18 Section 2 pages 513-517 4. Define bacteriophage. a virus that parasitizes a bacterium by infecting it and reproducing inside it. 5. Describe how the structure of bacteriophages make them well-suited for their functions. the tail and its spikes help match attach the virus to host the cell. the tail releases an enzyme that breaks down the cell…arrow_forwardThe society for AIDS in Africa (SAA) will be hosting a Virtual Seminar and have invited you as a guest speaker. The theme of the seminar is "AIDS Free Africa". You are requested to submit an abstract of 350 words for your presentation.arrow_forwardDo you think South Hills Middle School would hire Hernani for a coaching job if they knew he was HIV positive? Why or why not? Would the possibility of a sports injury, and the bloodbourne transmission of HIV, affect their decision?arrow_forward
Recommended textbooks for you
- Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning