Unit 3

Task 2. In blood analyses of a man of 40 who abused alcohol it was found: hemoglobine - 130 g/l, erythrocytes - 3,9 · 10%/, color index -1,0; leucocytes - 4,5 - 10%/, leucocyte formula without changes, thrombocytes - 100 109/1, erythrocytes sedimentation rate- 20 mm /hour., blood coagulation time – 10 minutes, blood plasma proteins - 60 g/l. Make ground conclusions. Analyze probable reasons of stated changes.

Task 3. During some diseases, one can observe the diminishing of the duration of the action potential of typical cardiomyocytes. This makes conditions for pathological recirculation of excitatory impulses (action potentials) by the heart structures and it violates the pump`s function of the heart. Explain the reason for it.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES 1. A patient with iron deficiency anemia experiences shortness of breath, weakness and has a pale skin. Explain why anemic people experience and share the same symptoms. 2. A pacemaker is a small device that is placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Who are the patients greatly in need of this procedure of having pacemaker built in their chest? And why?

Task 1. A woman of 35 consulted a doctor with the complaints on weakness, decrease capacity for work. In blood analyses it was found: hemoglobine - 110 g/l, erythrocytes – 2,7 · 10¹2/l, color index - 1,2; leucocytes - 4,5 - 109/1, leucocyte formula without changes, thrombocytes - 120 - 10%/1, blood coagulation time - 5 minutes, bleeding time (duration of bleeding) - 6 minutes, blood plasma proteins - 65 g/l, erythrocytes sedimentation rate -19 mm/hour. Make ground conclusion. Name possible reasons of marked changes.

States) Show your workl 1. Juan has a cardiac output (CO) of 6000 mL per minute at rest. He has a resting heart rate (HR) of 60 beats/min. What is his stroke volume? I 2. Ejection fraction is the percentage of blood pumped out of the ventricles (EDV) with each heartbeat (see formula below). If Juan's EDV is 150 mL, what is his ejection fraction? Ejection Fraction = Stroke volume End diastolic volume X 100 3. Juan went for a walk and his heart rate climbed to 110 beats/min. his EDV decreased to 125 mL and his ejection fraction was 80%. What was his cardiac output? E Focus

Work 3. Methods of heart examination. Electrocardiography (ECG) Label the I, II III standard leads. In which standard lead is ECG amplitude maximum? Img. 44. Scheme of electrode application for ECG.

metaye yotelu Labeling Exercises 125 яте LABELING EXERCISE 6-2: ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART (Textbook Figure 6-3) augaloodixT) BRUTOU 1. Write the name of each numbered structure of the electrical conduction system on the corresponding numbered line. Write the names of hollow spaces and vessels that contain deoxygenated blood blue and those that contain oxygenated blood in red. 2. Color the structures in the drawing that conduct electrical impulses yellow. Color the vessels and structures that carry deoxygenated blood blue, and those that carry oxygenated blood red.amul ads be loeasy boold botsys 3. Place a star on the drawing next to the number of the structure that originates the electrical impulse. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2 5 woll boold to mousshib si inses 7 8 of zod 10 9 Adapted from Cohen BJ, Hull KL. Study Guide for Memmler's The Human Body in Health and Disease. 14th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning: 2019:274 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Task 3. In a patient activated partial thromboplastin time makes 50 s, prothrombin time makes 12 s, platelet count makes 300+10⁹/L, bleeding time by Ivy makes 3,5 makes. Correcting test for aPTT makes 40 s. Estimate the indexes and make the conclusion.

ACTIVITY NO. 3-A Rees and Ecker Method 1. Illustrate and label the different steps of Rees and Ecker Method 2. Write the computation of your results. 3. Why is it important to thoroughly clean the cover glass and hemacytometer before performing the platelet count? 4. What is the purpose of placing the loaded hemacytometer in the moist chamber? 5. What area of the hemacytometer is used to count platelets? Page to answer

Date Pre-Lab Exercise 12-3 Pathway of Blood Flow through the Heart Answer the following questions about the pathway of blood flow through the heart. Use your textbook and Exercise 12-1 in this unit for reference. 1. Regarding veins: a. Where do veins carry blood? deoxygenated? b. Is this blood generally oxygenated or c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where? 2. Regarding arteries: a. Where do arteries carry blood? Is this blood generally oxygenated or deoxygenated? c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where? 3. Where does each atrium pump blood when it contracts? Right atrium: a. b. Left atrium: 4. Where does each ventricle pump blood when it contracts? a. Right ventricle: b. Left ventricle:

Physiology questions and case study Case study 1 Laboratory result of Kwame Charles shop an blood volume = 12% ( reference range < 9), and BP= 140/100mmHg, Na= 150 ( 135-145). He was given Thiazide direutics as therapy. a. Why was he given such treatment.b. Did Na level contributed to anything and why? Case study 2 Esi was seen with haematuria, tubular epithelial cells during microscopy and urine PH = 4 a. What is the likely cause of the lower acidityb. What is the likely cause of the haematuria and tubular epithelial cells Case study 3 During a gas explosive Musa had a 3rd degree burns. Laboratory result perform show a low plasma volume, susceptible to infection and blood also showed hyperkalemia. a. How will this plasma and susceptibility to infection be curtail.b. Why the blood hyperkalemia? Case study 4 Asare's Laboratory result showed increase in BP, Plasma volume, hypernatremia, hypokalemia and serum renin low. a. What disorder are we talking about here. b. What other hormone…

4th Quarter Activity 4 Instructions Instructions Direction: Answer the following questions in paragraph form consist of at least five sentences. 1. Explain the Body Systems and Homeostasis in your own words. 2. Define the Lungs: Bronchi and Alveoli and give its function. 3. Explain and elaborate what is the respiratory system and circulatory system. Give its similarities, differences and its function. 4. Differentiate intrinsic and extrinsic homeostasis system. 5. Define the different system based on the discussion. + Prepare answer

Lab Assignment Part 1 Discuss the elements of inspection of an anterior and posterior chest wall. What are three factors that affect tactile fremitus? Discuss the five (5) factors that can affect auscultation.  Part 2 What are normal heart sounds? Where are they best heard? What do these heart sounds indicate? What are abnormal heart sounds? What do these heart sounds indicate? What is a pulse deficit? How is it calculated? Part 3 Identify the peripheral arterial pulses. Discuss the grading scale for arterial pulses. Discuss the grading scale for edema. What does the presence of edema indicate? Discuss the symptoms of Raynaud's disease.

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Heart Quiz Questions 1. What are the basic functions of each heart chamber? 2. Describe the pericardium, visceral and parietal, and their function. 3. Describe and name the sulci of the heart and their contents. Describe and name the layers of the heart and the internal structures, including the valves. 4. What are the features of the right atrium and the type of blood it contains? What vessels empty into the right atrium? The right ventricle? 5. What are the features of the left atrium and the type of blood it contains? What vessels empty into the left atrium? The left ventricle? 6. What are the coronary arteries and their function? The coronary veins? 7. Describe and name the parts of the conduction system of the heart. What is the EKG and the names and significance of the different waves? 8. Describe the 3 steps of action potential formation in the heart? How does it differ from action potentials in skeletal muscle? 9. What are the phases of the cardiac cycle and what occurs during…

Question: A Nurse Has Been Infusing 1 Liters Of LR To Client With Dehydration At A Rate Of 83 MI/Hr. After 4 Hour The IV Infiltrated And The Infusion Had Stopped. How Many MI Are Left In The Bag?

Required information 30s MENINGES Within the skull and vertebral column, the brain and spinal cord are protected by three layers of connective tissue collectively called meninges. From superficial to deep, the meninges consist of the dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater. Multiple Choice The subarachnoid space contains Lymph Venous blood 0:00 Arterial blood 1:39 Cerebrospinal fluid 1x

Question:  Your patient experiences sudden changes in blood pressure and heart rate with a ventilator high-pressure alarm. You ask to obtain a chest X-ray, and it reveals that the trachea deviates to the left. The right side of the chest is completely black and translucent, and there is hypoventilation noted on the left. You check your Ett and notice it is in the right mainstem. What do you think is wrong?

3:00 ASSIGNMENT Define each term lis... NUR 102 Concepts 1 Instructor: Dr. Martin Assignment Due Date: 09/12/2023 1. Define each term listed as the Nursing Diagnosis Qualifier (NDQ). 2. Provide three (3) Nursing Diagnosis Statements when an alteration occurs wit of oxygenation, perfusion, fluid & electrolytes, tissue integrity, and thermoregu Name: NDQ Oxygenation Perfusion Fluid & Electrolytes Tissue Integrity Thermoregulation Deficient 1. 1. 3. Imbalanced 1. 2 Impaired 1. 2. 3. Ineffective 1. 2 Risk for 1. 1 Dashboa... 2. 1. 2. 1. Calendar 1. To Do 1. Notifications Inbox

Task 2. A family doctor analyzes hemocytograms of two patients. Both patients have normal and eproximally equal RBC, but in the first patient HCT and MCV are less than normal, in the second patient HCT and MCV are normal. Explain such differences in HCT and MCV in spite of normal and eproximally equal RBC.

Question: variant angina For this disease pathology, please provide the following information: What causes this disorder (pathology)? Are there any threats to life risks associated with this disease that you should watch out for, and why? (Not all terms will have life-threatening conditions associated with them) What would you expect to see in the lab or diagnostic results? What are the most common treatments?

Problem statement: A patient feels that he/she has received false laboratory report. 1-Draw a neat legible diagram (To draw, use the website:https://www.canva.com/graphs/fishbone-diagrams/ ) and explain the concept of fishbone diagram 2-provide necessary justification for your response

Must post first. Bob, a 65-year-old man with atrial fibrillation, has been using warfarin for the past 12 months after he presented to the local emergency department with signs of a TIA. A head CT scan and trans-esophageal echocardiogram done at the time were normal. He has been well since. Bob has came  it the clinical today as the INR taken this morning was 4.6. Up until now, his INR results (which have been measured every 2 weeks) have been stable and in the range of 2.0√3.0. He has not started any new prescribed medications recently. Bob also has hypertension and osteoarthritis (for which he had a left total hip replacement 6 months ago). Current medications: Atenolol 50 mg once daily, Lisinopril 10 mg once daily and warfarin 6 mg at night. On examination: BP 140/80 mmHg; pulse rate 65, irregular. The remainder of the physical examination is normal with no evidence of bruising, epistaxis, or gastrointestinal bleeding.   List potential drug interaction(s) with warfarin, which…

Heart Failure Case Study James is a 70-year-old male brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance with complaints of shortness of breath. The patient's medical record shows a past history of hypertension, diabetes, MI X 2, congestive heart failure (CHF), and chronic renal insufficiency. Upon assessment, James has labored breathing at 36 breaths/min and tachycardia at 112 beats/min. His pulse oximetry is 90% on 40% oxygen via a face mask. Crackles are heard throughout his lungs. 1. List potential causes and risk factors for his condition. 2. Identify the typical symptoms of left-sided heart failure vs. right-sided heart failure with an "L" or an "R" or "B" for both. Cough Blood-tinged sputum Tachycardia Fatigue Nocturnal polyuria Exertional dyspnea Peripheral edema Crackles or wheezes Jugular venous distension Ascites and GI distress Orthopnea Cyanosis Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea The physician orders a chest x-ray, ECG, arterial blood gases (ABGS), and lab work to be done.…

Time remaining: 00:09:43 Nursing Viva Voce Scenario You are working as a registered nurse in a community setting, buddied with a nursing student, Greg. You are assigned to care for Mrs Neda, who requires an International Normalised Ratio (INR) test. You note that Mrs Neda is taking warfarin (Coumadin) as part of the management of her atrial fibrillation. Greg asks you if you could explain the mechanism of action of warfarin (Coumadin) to him. Question 1:​Explain to Greg the mechanism of action of warfarin (Coumadin). Mrs Neda complains of gum bleeding when she brushes her teeth and asks you to explain why this is happening. Question 2:​Provide an explanation to Mrs Neda whybleeding is one of the side-effects of warfarin (Coumadin). Greg noted that Mrs Neda also takes an antidysrhythmic. Greg asks you why two drugs are needed. Question 3:​Explain to Greg why multiple drugs are given when a patient has atrial fibrillation. The INR comes back on the high side of normal. You speak…

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TASK N 4 A 39-year-old man, who previously considered himself to be practically healthy, felt severe pain in the epigastric region and strong weakness while performing heavy physical work. After 20 minutes the pains weakened but there were complaints of nausea and vomiting. On examination: the state of moderate severity, arterial pressure is 70/45 mm Hg, sinus bradycardia. Careful palpation revealed no signs of a gastrointestinal pathology. After ECG registration, the patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis "Acute left ventricular infarction". Questions: 1. Indicate the form of infarction with such unusual localization of the pain syndrome and the presence of dyspeptic disorders. 2. Describe the most typical localization of pain during myocardial infarction. 3. What changes on the ECG are typical for myocardial infarction? 4. Which plasma enzymes can be measured in order to confirm the diagnosis? 5. List possible causes of heart attack in the absence of pre-infarct symptomatology…