The Encyclopedia of World History. 2001. Subject Index Page 18
Clement VIII, pope 609 .
Clement IX, pope 712 , 736 .
Clement X, pope 736 .
Clement XI, pope 737 .
Clement XII, pope 737 .
Clement XIII, pope 737 .
Clement XIV, pope 737 .
Clément, Jacques, French monk 599 .
Clementine space project 3432 .
Clement of Alexandria, bishop 259 .
Clement of Rome, bishop 259 .
Cleombrotus, king of Sparta 202 .
Cleomenes I, king of Sparta 179 , 187 , 187 , 187 , 187 .
Cleomenes III, king of Sparta 208 , 210 , 210 , 211 , 211 .
Cleon, Athenian leader 196 , 196 .
Cleonymus 210 .
Cleopatra I, queen of Egypt 218 .
Cleopatra VII, queen of Egypt 218 , 219 , 241 , 242 , 242 , 242 , 242 .
Cleopatra Thea, queen of Syria 215 .
Clerical-Liberal coalition, Belgian political party 1056 .
Clerical Party, France 1179 .
Clericals, Belgian political party 1053 , 1171 , 1171 , 1171 .
Clerides, Glavcos, Greek leader 3811 , 3811 .
Clermont, first commercial steamboat 648 , 989 .
Clermont 468 , 505 .
Clermont-Ferrand 1194 .
Cleve-Jülich 754 .
Cleveland 990 , 2665 , 3400 , 3401 , 3413 , 3415 .
Cleveland, Grover, U.S. president 1602 , 1602 , 1603 , 1605 , 1606 , 1606 .
Cleves 652 , 754 .
Cleves, duke of 615 .
Cleves-Jülich, dynastic line 616 .
Clichy massacre 1913 .
Clifford, Hugh Charles 2559 , 2559 .
Clifford, 1st baron, Thomas, Cabal member 675 .
climate 18 , 18 , 18 , 18 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 29 , 33 , 34 , 53 .
Clinton, Bill, U.S. president 2694 , 2694 , 2696 , 2815 , 3185 , 3185 , 3186 , 3187 , 3379 , 3383 , 3390 , 3429 , 3430 , 3430 , 3430 , 3431 , 3432 , 3432 , 3433 , 3433 , 3433 , 3433 , 3433 , 3433 , 3434 , 3435 , 3435 , 3435 , 3435 , 3436 , 3436 , 3436 , 3436 , 3436 , 3436 , 3437 , 3437 , 3437 , 3437 , 3437 , 3439 , 3441 , 3441 , 3441 , 3593 , 3660 , 3673 , 3709 , 3725 , 3784 , 3843 , 3867 , 3868 , 3868 , 3869 , 3869 , 4014 , 4118 , 4171 , 4172 , 4176 , 4178 , 4217 , 4217 , 4247 , 4280 , 4281 , 4282 , 4326 , 4344 , 4373 , 4410 , 4414 , 4430 ; impeachment, 3438 , 3439 , 3439 .
Clinton, George, U.S. leader 1568 .
Clinton, Henry 949 , 950 , 951 .
Clinton, Hillary Rodham, U.S. leader 3441 , 3441 .
Clive, Robert, baron Clive of Plassey 834 , 835 , 835 .
Cloaca Maxima 224 .
Clodius, Publius, Roman tribune 240 , 241 .
Cloghoughton 694 .
Clonard 425 .
Clontarf 425 .
Cloots, baron de, Jean Baptiste du Valde-Grâce, French leader 1007 .
Closer Economic Relations (CER) Agreement, New Zealand-Australia 4317 .
Cloth of Gold, Field of the 586 .
Clotilda, wife of Clovis I 407 .
Clotilde, princess of Savoy 1211 .
Clouet, François, French artist 600 .
Clovis I, Merovingian king 405 , 406 , 407 , 407 , 407 , 407 , 418 .
Clovis, New Mexico 28 .
Clovis people 28 .
Cluniac reforms 444 , 449 , 454 , 466 , 467 , 467 , 476 , 479 , 505 .
Cluny 422 ; abbey, 466 .
Clusium 225 .
Clyde River 421 .
Cnidus 174 , 199 .
Coahuila 904 .
coal 1575 .
Coal and Steel Community 2713 , 2719 , 2726 .
Coal Industry Act, Australia 4295 .
Coalition for a Unified and Democratic Bosnia-Herzegovina 3189 .
Coalitions Law, France 1182 .
coal mines acts, Great Britain 1162 , 1846 .
Coard, Bernard, Grenadian leader 3764 .
Coast Survey, U.S. 1041 .
Coates, Gordon, New Zealand leader 2551 , 2551 .
Coats Land 2047 .
Cobbett, William, British journalist and reformer 1046 .
Cobden-Chevalier Treaty, Anglo-French 1158 , 1181 .
Cobh 1877 .
Coburg, duke of, Friedrich Josias, French general 1007 .
Coca-Cola 2640 , 3654 .
Coche, treaty of 1675 .
Cochin China 337 , 830 , 1404 , 1409 , 1473 , 1473 , 1473 , 1474 , 1474 , 1475 , 1475 , 2524 , 4253 , 4255 .
Cochrane, Thomas 983 , 1275 .
Cocos Island 1795 .
Cocteau, Jean, French writer 1903 .
Code Noir 713 .
Code of Canon Law, revision of 609 .
Code of Criminal Law, Holy Roman Empire 760 .
Code of Hammurapi 85 , 86 , 122 .
Codex Fredericianus Marchicus, Prussia 755 .
Codex Justinianus 260 , 427 .
Codex Theodosianus 260 , 266 .
Codoudal, conspirator against Napoleon 1015 .
Codreanu, Corneliu Z., Romanian Fascist 2182 , 2183 , 2183 .
Coele-Syria 209 , 213 , 214 , 218 .
Coercive Acts, England 944 .
Coeur, Jacques, French merchant 523 .
coffee 880 , 1547 , 1672 , 1677 , 1681 , 1682 , 1683 , 1683 , 1685 , 1685 , 1685 , 2561 ; introduced into the Ottoman Empire, 795 ; introduced in Iran, 816 .
Coffin Texts 92 .
Cohens v. Virginia, U.S. Supreme Court decision 1574 .
Coignet, Edmond, engineer 984 .
Coimbra 480 , 528 , 528 .
Coke, Edward 584 , 590 .
Cokerill, William, British industrialist 1053 .
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, French leader 707 , 711 , 714 , 728 .
Colchester 421 .
Colchis 274 .
cold war 1705 , 1706 , 2636 , 2637 , 2638 , 2641 , 2641 , 2644 , 2645 , 2645 , 2645 , 2649 , 2658 , 2668 , 2674 , 2987 , 3016 , 3390 , 3443 , 3768 , 3950 , 3957 , 4047 , 4088 , 4295 , 4315 , 4320 , 4396 , 4400 , 4430 ; nonalignment, 2637 ; decline, 2637 ; end, 2637 , 2638 , 2688 , 3299 ; Korean War, 2650 . See Russia ; United States .
Cole, Henry 1155 .
Cole, Thomas, artist 1577 .
Coleman, Edward, confessor of duchess of York 676 .
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, poet 1037 , 1046 .
Colette, writer 1903 .
Colfax, Schuyler, U.S. leader 1595 .
Coligny, Gaspard de, French commander 920 .
Colijn, Hendryk, Duch leader 1896 , 1898 .
Colima 902 .
Colindres, Vicente Mejía, Honduran leader 2289 .
collectivization See agriculture .Collège de France 597 .
college of cardinals 467 , 609 .
College of Fort William, India 1394 .
College of San Salvatore, Italy 741 .
College of Surgeons, London 687 .
College of Technology, Ghana 4324 .
College of William and Mary, Williamsburg 937 .
Collegio della Provincie 739 .
Collegium Nobilium, Poland 781 .
Collett, Camilla, writer 1247 .
Colley, Thomas, chimney sweep 687 .
Collies, John S., U.S. leader 2201 .
Collins, canon in Anglican Church 2771 .
Collins, Michael, Irish leader 1863 , 1864 , 1864 .
Collo 526 .
Collor de Mello, Francisco, Brazilian leader 3623 , 3625 , 3625 , 3625 .
Collot d'Herbois, Jean Marie, French leader 1005 .
Colmar, Thomas de, inventor 985 .
Co Loa 51 .
Cologne 409 , 416 , 443 , 455 , 505 , 523 , 541 , 548 , 548 , 650 , 653 , 656 , 657 , 659 ; peace conference at, 651 .
Coloma 1579 .
Coloman I, king of Hungary 492 , 492 .
Colombe, Michel, French artist 600 .
Colombey-Borny, battle of 1185 .
Colombia 908 , 1649 , 1651 , 1655 , 1668 , 1671 , 1672 , 1678 , 1678 , 1678 , 1678 , 2261 , 2264 , 2267 , 2267 , 2267 , 2275 , 2275 , 2644 , 2698 , 2757 , 3466 , 3473 , 3475 , 3475 , 3575 , 3575 , 3576 , 3579 , 3589 , 3593 , 3685 , 3727 ; United States of, 1673 ; and U.S., 2192 , 3577 , 3580 , 3583 , 3588 , 3593 ; WWI, 2267 ; between Wars, 2267 , 2267 , 2268 , 2268 ; coffee industry, 2267 ; Great Depression, 2267 , 2268 ; WWII, 2268 , 2268 ; La Violencia, 3575 ; and Russia, 3578 ; cocaine, 3579 , 3579 , 3580 , 3581 , 3583 , 3584 , 3584 , 3585 , 3585 , 3585 , 3586 , 3587 , 3587 , 3588 , 3588 , 3589 , 3589 , 3590 , 3592 , 3593 , 3593 , 3628 , 3629 ; summary of violence, 3592 .
Colombian Liberal Party 3591 .
Colombian Treaty 2192 .
Colombo 2673 , 4027 , 4028 , 4030 , 4032 , 4032 , 4036 , 4036 , 4039 .
Colombo, Cristoforo See Christopher ~Columbus, explorer .Colombo, Emilio, Italian leader 2940 .
Colombo Plan 3958 , 4066 , 4104 , 4124 , 4229 .
Colón, Cristóbal See Christopher ~Columbus, explorer .“Colonels' Coup” 3666 .
Colonia, Portuguese territory 906 , 906 , 906 , 906 , 907 , 907 , 915 .
Colonial Currency Act, England 941 .
Colonial Development and Welfare Act 2559 .
Colonial Development Corporation 4324 .
colonialism 2554 , 2559 , 2667 ; 18th century, 578 ; 1800–1914, 963 , 1114 , 1123 , 1136 ; in Africa, 1111 , 1506 , 1506 , 1511 , 1517 , 1517 ; Southeast Asia, 1402 , 1402 ; North Africa, 2317 ; Middle East, 2317 ; end, 2636 , 2636 , 2636 , 2636 , 2638 ; decolonization, 2700 .
Colonists Association, Kenya 1533 .
colonization 914 , 1611 , 2530 ; Pacific Islands, 52 ; 1500–1800, 579 , 579 , 584 ; Africa, 885 , 888 , 889 , 1176 , 1506 ; Latin America, 894 , 894 , 895 , 895 , 897 , 897 , 900 ; North America, 905 , 920 , 920 , 920 , 921 , 924 , 924 , 924 , 924 , 924 , 924 , 926 , 926 , 926 , 930 , 931 , 937 , 938 ; New World, 906 ; Americas, 908 , 908 , 908 , 911 , 912 , 913 , 914 , 914 , 914 , 915 ; New England, 926 , 926 , 926 , 926 , 927 , 928 , 928 ; British, 953 ; French, 953 ; 1800–1914, 953 , 954 , 969 , 1236 , 1236 ; Australia, 1487 .
Colonization Commission, Germany 1269 .
Colonna, Roman family 452 , 470 , 470 , 609 .
Colonna, Sciarra 453 , 470 .
Colophon 175 .
Colorado 40 , 1603 , 1607 , 1618 , 3400 , 3414 ; territory, 1594 .
Colorado Fuel and Iron Company 1620 .
Colorado Party, Latin America 1665 , 1667 , 1667 , 1667 , 2252 , 2252 , 3522 , 3523 , 3525 , 3525 , 3528 .
Colorado River 903 , 903 .
Colored Farmers National Alliance and Cooperative Union 1605 .
Colored Women's League 1609 .
Colosio Murrieta, Luis Donaldo, Mexican leader 3707 , 3708 .
Colosseum 246 , 252 .
Colossi of Memnon 93 .
Colt, Samuel, firearms manufacturer 985 , 985 .
Columban of Leinster, missionary 425 .
Columba of Iona, missionary and religious leader 424 , 425 .
Columbia, battle of, South Carolina 1589 .
Columbia, first space shuttle 2678 .
Columbia Broadcasting System 1736 .
Columbian Exchange 582 .
Columbia River 904 , 1568 , 3448 , 3450 ; treaty, 3450 .
Columbia University 3415 .
Columbo Plan, Commonwealth 2763 .
Columbus, Bartholomeo, explorer 572 .
Columbus, Christopher, explorer 40 , 281 , 474 , 505 , 571 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 572 , 909 , 909 , 909 , 1694 .
Columbus, New Mexico 1621 , 2294 .
Comanche Indians 1589 .
Comans, Cumani 460 .
Comayagua 902 .
Combes, Émile, French leader 1196 .
Combination Acts, England 692 , 1047 .
Combines Investigation Act, Canada 2231 .
COMECON See Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) .Comenius, John Amos, writer and educator 757 .
Comintern See Communist International (Comintern) ; Third International (Comintern) .Comissão de Liberaç de São Tomé and Príncipe 4374 .
Comité consultatif supérieur du Commerce et de l'Industrie 1906 .
Comité d'action pour le renouveau, CAR 4387 .
Comité national de secours et d'alimentation, Belgium 1882 .
Comité national d'organisation, Cameroon (CNO) 4433 .
Comité Révolutionnaire Militaire, Dahomey 4329 .
Commagene 87 , 215 , 247 .
Commerce and Alliance, treaties of, U.S. and France 949 .
Commercial Code, Ottoman Empire 1333 .
Commercial Company of Brazil 918 .
commercialization 579 , 579 , 579 , 579 , 579 , 581 ; Africa 1500–1800, 579 ; U.S., 1563 .
Commercial Revolution 579 .
Commines, Philippe de, chronicler 524 .
Commissariat Général du Plan, CGP 2839 , 2846 , 2850 , 2856 , 2857 , 2861 , 2866 , 2871 .
Commission of Akershus 772 .
Commission of Finance, Poland 781 .
Commission on Campus Unrest 3420 .
Commission on Civil Rights, U.S. 3421 .
Commission on Industry and Trade, France 1188 .
Commission on Life and Work 1701 .
Commission on the Disappearance of Persons, CONADEP 3495 .
Committee for the Liberation of Albania 1326 .
Committee of General Security, France 1004 , 1004 .
Committee of National Liberation, France 1918 .
Committee of Public Order, Hungary 1087 , 1087 , 1087 .
Committee of Public Safety, France 1004 , 1005 , 1005 , 1188 .
Committee of Safety, Austria 1089 .
Committee of Union and Progress, Young Turk group 1346 , 1347 , 1347 , 1347 , 1348 .
Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution, Great Britain 2770 .
Committees for the Defense of the Revolution, Cuba 3716 .
committees of correspondence, in the American colonies 943 .
Committee to Reelect the President, U.S. 3423 .
Committe of Union and Progress 1348 .
Commodus, Roman emperor 253 , 254 , 254 , 254 , 255 .
common law 444 , 446 , 516 .
Common Market 2700 , 2700 , 2718 , 2719 , 2721 , 2773 , 2774 , 2774 , 2778 , 2783 , 2784 , 2849 , 2854 , 2858 , 2860 , 2862 , 2972 , 3000 , 3035 , 3037 , 3050 , 3062 , 3216 ; and Great Britain, 2722 , 2723 , 2723 , 2724 , 2724 , 2728 , 2728 , 2728 , 2728 ; and Africa, 2722 ; and agriculture, 2725 ; and merger, 2726 ; and Eastern Europe, 2731 .
Commonwealth Immigrants Act, Great Britain 2779 .
Commonwealth of Australia See Australia .Commonwealth Office 2777 , 2780 .
Commonwealth of Independent States, CIS 2687 , 3333 , 3336 , 3389 .
Commonwealth of Indians 912 .
Commonwealth of the Spanish 912 .
Commonwealth Party, Great Britain 1856 .
Communal Assembly, France 1188 .
Communal Council, Italy 741 .
Communal Government Acts, Norway 1076 .
Communards See Paris Commune .communications 1146 , 1816 , 2229 , 2703 , 2704 , 2704 , 2704 , 2765 , 2859 , 2865 , 2896 , 2942 , 3407 ; postclassical Europe, 400 ; Western Europe, 443 ; 17th and 18th century England, 681 , 683 ; 1800–1914, 956 , 959 , 959 , 961 , 985 , 989 , 989 , 990 , 990 , 990 , 990 , 1119 , 1180 , 1284 , 1393 ; Ottoman Empire, 1330 ; Middle East, 1332 , 1334 , 1334 , 1335 , 1336 , 2317 ; Iran, 1349 , 1350 , 1350 , 1350 , 1350 ; Afghanistan, 1355 , 1357 ; Egypt, 1367 , 1367 , 1371 , 1372 , 1374 ; Morocco, 1376 ; Tunisia, 1389 , 1389 , 1389 , 1390 , 1391 ; Libya, 1393 , 1393 , 1393 ; India, 1394 , 1397 ; China, 1418 , 2478 ; Australia, 1494 ; U.S., 1570 , 1574 , 1574 , 1580 , 1609 , 1610 , 2204 ; Canada, 1639 ; North Africa, 2317 ; first official Saudi newspaper, 2410 ; first periodical in Kuwait, 2413 ; Cambodia, 2453 ; Vietnam, 2524 ; Africa, 2559 ; satellites, 2641 , 2673 ; information technologies, 2641 ; telecommunications pact, 2693 ; press, 2850 ; South Yemen, 3892 . See censorship ; cinema ; radio ; space exploration .
Communications Act, U.S. 2204 .
Communications Satellite Corporation, COMSAT 2641 , 2704 .
Communism 1703 , 1703 , 1703 , 1703 , 1705 , 1706 , 1706 , 1725 , 1814 , 1815 , 1829 , 1833 , 2187 , 2708 , 2709 , 2715 , 2724 ; East Indies, 1896 ; Italy, 1941 , 2637 ; Spain, 1954 ; Germany, 1971 , 2709 ; Austria, 1998 ; Russia, 2065 , 2068 , 2068 , 2072 , 2072 , 2081 ; Baltic region, 2084 , 2084 ; Estonia, 2105 , 2105 ; Albania, 2137 ; Latin America, 2242 , 2253 , 2269 , 2271 , 2273 , 2273 , 2280 , 2280 , 2281 , 2298 , 3467 , 3468 ; Cuba, 2303 , 2306 , 2306 , 3717 , 3721 ; Japan, 2515 , 2520 ; Malaya, 2636 ; France, 2637 ; cold war, 2637 , 2637 , 2721 ; splits after 1960s, 2637 ; decline, 2637 ; Eastern Europe, 2677 , 2685 , 2700 , 2700 , 2716 , 2748 ; Roman Catholic Church, 2953 ; Switzerland, 2970 ; U.S., 3390 , 3391 , 3392 , 3393 , 3394 , 3394 , 3407 , 3407 ; tricontinental, 3471 ; Chile, 3508 , 3511 ; Venezuela, 3600 ; Afghanistan, 3832 ; South Yemen, 3893 ; India, 3961 , 3962 ; Southeast Asia, 4065 , 4069 , 4069 , 4256 , 4256 ; Cambodia, 4085 , 4086 , 4086 , 4086 , 4088 ; Laos, 4093 , 4094 , 4096 , 4100 , 4101 , 4102 ; Malaysia, 4110 ; Brunei, 4118 ; Indonesia, 4121 , 4124 , 4125 , 4125 , 4132 , 4132 , 4135 ; China, 4149 , 4150 , 4150 , 4150 , 4156 , 4156 , 4156 , 4158 ; Sino-Soviet split, 4155 ; Korea, 4190 , 4195 ; South Korea, 4192 ; Vietnam, 4259 , 4264 ; democratization, 4277 ; Australia, 4298 .
Communist Council of Action, South Africa 2577 .
Communist Information Bureau, Cominform 2706 , 2707 , 2714 , 2717 , 3093 , 3166 , 3166 , 3166 , 3199 , 3209 ; disbanding, 3270 .
Communist International (Comintern) 2464 ; first congress, 2464 ; second congress, 2464 ; and China, 2465 , 2465 , 2465 , 2465 , 2469 , 2469 , 2471 , 2492 , 2524 . See Third International (Comintern) .
Communist Labor Party, U.S. 2190 .
Communist League 1050 .
Communist Manifesto 1050 , 1143 , 1143 , 1424 .
Communist Party 1703 , 1703 , 1703 , 1704 , 1716 , 1814 , 1899 , 1901 , 1910 , 1910 , 1912 , 1914 , 1928 , 1929 , 1932 , 1938 , 1944 , 1945 , 1948 , 1973 , 1973 , 1978 , 1979 , 1980 , 1983 , 1984 , 1984 , 1984 , 1984 , 1986 , 1986 , 1986 , 2053 , 2075 , 2155 , 2182 , 2455 , 2464 , 2465 , 2486 , 2820 , 2839 , 2866 , 3126 , 3126 , 3128 , 3128 , 3130 , 3130 , 3131 , 3131 , 3133 , 3134 , 3134 , 3234 , 3300 , 3371 , 3393 , 3398 , 3609 , 3968 , 4048 , 4049 , 4049 , 4049 , 4140 , 4189 , 4291 ; Great Britain, 1841 , 1855 ; Ireland, 1873 ; France, 1902 , 2524 , 2866 ; Italy, 1944 , 1944 , 2926 , 2927 , 2934 , 2941 ; Germany, 1973 , 1986 , 2985 , 2985 ; Austria, 1998 , 3028 ; Czechoslovakia, 2013 , 2014 , 2016 , 2020 , 3120 , 3123 , 3123 , 3126 , 3127 , 3128 , 3128 , 3132 , 3133 ; Slovakia, 2021 ; Hungary, 2022 , 2023 , 2023 , 3020 , 3141 , 3142 , 3143 , 3144 , 3146 , 3147 ; Finland, 2056 , 2059 ; Russia, 2066 , 2067 , 2068 , 2068 , 2068 , 2073 , 2074 , 2076 , 2077 , 2078 , 3264 , 3278 , 3279 , 3283 , 3288 , 3297 , 3300 , 3304 , 3332 ; Yugoslavia, 2128 , 3164 , 3166 , 3168 , 3172 , 3172 , 3176 ; Albania, 2142 , 2143 , 2143 , 3198 , 3203 , 3203 , 3204 , 3205 ; Bulgaria, 2160 , 2162 , 2163 , 2164 , 2165 , 2166 , 2167 , 3234 , 3236 , 3237 , 3237 , 3239 , 3240 , 3241 , 3241 , 3241 , 3244 ; Romania, 2178 , 2725 , 3245 , 3245 , 3246 , 3248 , 3249 , 3250 , 3254 , 3257 ; U.S., 2190 , 2199 , 2201 , 3393 ; Canada, 2224 ; Latin America, 2243 , 3471 ; Brazil, 2270 , 3612 ; Turkey, 2327 ; Egypt, 2354 ; India, 2437 , 2438 , 3965 , 3968 , 3969 , 3970 , 3970 ; Indonesia, 2456 , 4133 ; Korea, 2490 , 2492 , 2492 ; Japan, 2520 , 4223 , 4225 , 4227 ; Indochina, 2524 , 2525 , 2526 , 4255 ; Vietnam, 2525 , 2525 , 2527 , 2529 , 4082 , 4253 , 4276 , 4276 , 4277 , 4278 , 4278 ; Philippines, 2534 , 2535 ; and Nazism, 2593 ; end in Eastern Europe, 2685 ; Europe, 2706 ; Spain, 2896 , 2896 ; West Germany, 3004 ; East Germany, 3011 , 3014 , 3020 , 3022 ; Poland, 3096 , 3096 , 3096 , 3096 , 3098 , 3100 , 3102 , 3110 , 3111 , 3112 ; Greece, 3207 , 3208 , 3228 ; Lithuania, 3299 , 3352 , 3353 ; Armenia, 3306 ; Belorussia, 3315 ; of the Soviet Union (CPSU), 3316 ; Belarus, 3316 ; Estonia, 3323 ; Georgia, 3325 ; Kazakh, 3332 , 3332 ; Kirghizstan, 3340 , 3344 ; Latvia, 3348 ; Moldova, 3358 , 3360 ; Russian Federation, 3366 ; Tajikistan, 3373 ; Turkmenistan, 3377 ; Ukraine, 3381 ; Argentina, 3485 ; Chile, 3508 , 3509 ; Bolivia, 3538 ; Peru, 3552 ; Ecuador, 3567 ; Venezuela, 3596 , 3597 ; Panama, 3640 ; Guatemala, 3649 ; Mexico, 3701 ; Afghanistan, 3834 ; Iraq, 3879 ; Bangladesh, 4017 ; Nepal, 4046 , 4046 ; Southeast Asia, 4047 ; Burma, 4050 , 4058 , 4059 ; Thailand, 4067 , 4067 ; Laos, 4100 ; Malaysia, 4114 ; Mongolia, 4188 ; South Africa, 4470 , 4481 , 4482 . See Central Committee of the Communist Party (CPSU) ; Chinese Communist Party (CCP) ; Third International (Comintern) .
Communist Party Dissolution Act, Australia 4299 .
Communist Popular Socialist Party, PSP 3714 , 3717 .
Community of Sovereign Republics 3367 .
Comneni dynasty 502 , 502 .
Comnenus, David, Byzantine leader 508 , 508 .
Como 537 , 537 .
Comonfort, Ignacio, Mexican leader 1691 .
Comoros Islands 366 , 892 , 2696 , 4410 , 4411 , 4415 , 4416 , 4416 , 4416 , 4492 ; independence, 4415 .
Compagnie des Indes Orientales, France 922 .
Compagnie d'Occident, France 922 .
Compagnie Indes Orientales, France 834 , 835 .
Companies Act, Canada 2230 .
Company Law, Korea 2488 , 2490 .
Company of Jesus 1066 .
Company of the Hundred Associates 921 .
Company of the West, founded by John Law 715 .
Companys, Luis, Catalonian leader 1928 , 1928 .
compass 281 , 282 , 373 , 375 .
Compiègne 522 , 1782 , 2586 ; German attack, 1781 .
Compisteguy, Juan, Uruguayan leader 2252 .
Compostela, Mexico 903 .
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty 2692 , 3371 , 3439 , 3987 .
Compromise of 1107, England 444 .
Compromise of 1850 1580 , 1581 .
Compulsory Military Service Act, Canada 2219 .
computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner 2704 .
computers 1730 , 2703 , 2703 , 2866 , 3392 ; Mark I, 1730 ; ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator), 1734 ; Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, 1734 ; electronic digital, 2641 ; World Wide Web, 2686 ; defeat of Kasparov by Deep Blue, 2693 ; personal computer, 3425 .
Comstock Lode, Nevada 1595 .
Comte, Auguste, philosopher 1035 , 1035 .
Conarky, Guinea 4348 .
concentration camps, WWII 1986 , 2011 , 2621 .
Concepción 899 .
Concha, José Vicente, Latin American leader 1674 , 2267 .
Concini, Concino, Italian leader and French counselor 599 .
Concón, battle of 1663 .
Concord, battle of 946 .
Concordat of 1801, between Napoleon I and Pius VII 1014 , 1014 .
Concordat of Bologna 597 , 607 .
Concordat of Vienna 532 , 542 .
Concordat of Worms 455 , 456 , 456 , 456 , 468 .
concordats 724 ; with Austria, 1239 , 1242 ; with Ecuador, 1671 .
Concorde, supersonic airplane 1736 , 2703 , 2704 , 2727 .
Condé, prince of, Louis II de Bourbon, French commander 598 , 622 , 622 , 648 , 650 , 652 , 653 , 709 , 709 , 1005 .
conditioned reflex 1152 .
Condorcanqui, José Gabriel See Túpac Amaru II, Latin American rebel .Condorcet, Marie-Jean, French historian 645 .
Condouriotis, Paul, Greek admiral 1758 .
Confederación del Río de la Plata 1658 .
Confederaciones Sindicales Hidrográficas 1921 .
Confederate States of America 1585 , 1585 , 1586 , 1586 , 1586 , 1586 , 1586 , 1587 , 1587 , 1587 , 1587 , 1588 , 1588 , 1588 , 1588 , 1589 , 1589 , 1589 , 1589 , 1590 , 1590 , 1590 .
Confédération des Association Tribales du Katanga, CONAKAT 4449 .
Confédération Générale des Travailleurs Tunisiens 2426 .
The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth
edition . Peter N. Stearns, general editor. Copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Maps by Mary Reilly, copyright © 2001 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
